Large primary leiomyoma causing progressive cervical deformity

Leiomyomas are benign smooth tumors that rarely affect the neck area. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Here, we describe a 13-year-old girl with a large leiomyoma of the neck, which increased in size after incomplete resection. The tumor caused progressive cervical kyphotic deformity, difficulty breathing and severe malnourishment. The tumor was resected successfully in a second surgery, and the patient is stable after 3 years of follow-up. Histopathologically, the tumor was consistent with leiomyoma and showed strong reactivity to specific smooth muscle markers, such as desmin and caldesmon. This is the second reported case demonstrating massive growth of a leiomyoma, with emphasis on complete resection from the beginning.